📋 Case Study

Real-Time Pump Scheduling for Barcelona’s Tertiary Reservoir System

Excessive energy costs (34% of OPEX) and frequent low-pressure complaints during peak afternoon hours

🏗️ Project Overview

Integration of SCADA-controlled pumps feeding elevated storage tanks serving high-elevation districts

🎯 Challenge

Excessive energy costs (34% of OPEX) and frequent low-pressure complaints during peak afternoon hours

🔧 Design Approach

Model Predictive Control (MPC) using 24-hr demand forecast + electricity tariff windows + tank level constraints

📐 Design Diagram

Real-Time Pump Scheduling for Barcelona’s Tertiary Reservoir System ⚠️ Challenge: 34% OPEX energy cost • Low-pressure complaints (peak afternoon) MPC Engine 24-hr demand + tariff + level constraints Demand Forecast Tariff Windows Level Bounds Fill Timing 02–05 & 22–03 Pressure Setpoint 42–58 m (dynamic) • Minimize Σ(Power × Tariff) • Tank bounds: 0–100%

AI-generated project design illustration

📐 Key Calculations

Optimal Fill Timing

Minimize Σ(Power × Tariff) subject to tank level bounds
Result: 02:00–05:00 & 22:00–03:00
Shifts 78% of pumping to off-peak tariffs

Pressure Setpoint Optimization

Dynamic head target based on elevation + minimum residual pressure
Result: 42–58 m (vs. fixed 65 m)
Reduces throttling losses and pump wear

📊 Results

19% reduction in annual energy cost ($1.2M savings); 99.8% pressure compliance rate; 22% extension of pump service life

💡 Lessons Learned

  • Fixed pressure setpoints waste energy in variable-topography networks
  • Forecast accuracy >92% is required for reliable MPC
  • SCADA integration latency must be <30 sec for real-time responsiveness

Key Takeaways

  • 1Fixed pressure setpoints waste energy in variable-topography networks
  • 2Forecast accuracy >92% is required for reliable MPC
  • 3SCADA integration latency must be <30 sec for real-time responsiveness